Tender is the Night Quotes

'Tender is the Night' Quotes Tender is the Night is a famous novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The work details the life and deterioration of Dr. Dick Diver, who falls in love with a mental patient. This novel was considered a failure at the time of its publication, but it is one of Fitzgeralds most important works. Here are a few quotes.​ Tender is the Night a bald man in a monocle and a pair of tights, his tufted chest thrown out, his brash navel sucked in, was regarding her attentively.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 1 so that while Rosemary was a simple child she was protected by a double sheath of her mothers armor and her own - she had a mature distrust of the trivial, the facile and the vulgar.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 3 Youre the only girl Ive seen for a very long time that actually did look like something blooming.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 4 so green and cool that the leaves and petals were curled with tender damp.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Chapter 6 he opened the gate to his amusing world. So long as they subscribed to it completely, their happiness was his preoccupation, bit at the fist flicker of doubt as to its all-inclusiveness he evaporated before their eyes, leaving little communicable memory of what he had said or done.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 6 the moment when the guests had been daringly lifted above conviviality into the rarer atmosphere of sentiment, was over before it could be irreverently breathed before they had half realized it was there.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 7 the too obvious appeal, the struggle with an unrehearsed scene and unfamiliar words.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 8 of course its done at a certain sacrifice - sometimes they seem just rather charming figures in a ballet, and worth the attention you five a ballet, but its more than that - youd have to know the story. Anyhow Tommy is one of those men that Dicks passed along to Nicole. Book 1,- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Ch. 10 She illustrated very simple principles, containing in herself her own doom, but illustrated them so accurately that there was grace in the procedure, and presently Rosemary would try to imitate it.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 12 Indeed, he had made a quick study of the whole affair, simplifying it always until it bore a faint resemblance to one of his own parties.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 13 He knew that there was passion there, but there was no shadow of it in her eyes or on her mouth; there was a faint spray of champagne on her breath. She clung nearer desperately and once more he kissed her and was chilled by the innocence of her kiss, by the glance that at the moment of contact looked beyond him out into the darkness of the night, the darkness of the world.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 15 The enthusiasm, the selflessness behind the whole performance ravished her, the technic of moving many varied types, each as immobile, as dependent on supplies of attention as an infantry battalion as dependent on rations, appeared so effortless that he still had pieces of his own most personal self for everyone.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 18 the shots had entered into all their lives: echoes of violence followed them out onto the pavement where two porters held a post-mortem beside them as they waited for a taxi.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 19 made an exit that she had learned young, and on which no director had ever tried to improve.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 1, Ch. 25 And Lucky Dick cant be one of those clever men; he must be less intact, even faintly destroyed. If life wont do it for him its not a substitute to get a disease, or a broken heart, or an inferiority complex, though itd be nice to build out some broken side till it was better than the original structure.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 1 They said that you are a doctor, but so long as you are a cat it is different. My head aches so, so excuse this walking there like an ordinary with a white cat will explain, I think.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 2 I am slowly coming back to life... I wish someone were in love with me like boys were ages ago before I was sick. I suppose it will be years, though, before I could think of anything like that.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 2 We were just like loversand then all at once we were loversand ten minutes after it happened I could have shot myselfexcept I guess Im such a Goddamned degenerate I didnt have the nerve to do it. Book 2, Ch. 3 God, am I like the rest after all?- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 4 The weakness of the profession is its attraction for the man a little crippled and broken.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 6 Nicoles world had fallen to pieces, but it was only a flimsy and scarcely created world.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 7 the delight on Nicoles faceto be a feather again instead of a plummet, to float and not to drag.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 8 And if I dont know youre the most attractive man I ever met you must think I am still crazy.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2 Its my hard luck, all rightbut dont pretend that I dont knowI know everything about you and me.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 9 As an indifference cherished, or left to atrophy, becomes an emptiness, to this extent he had learned to become empty of Nicole, serving her against his will with negations and emotional neglect.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 11 Here are more quotes from Tender is the Night, by F. Scott Fitzgerald. We own you, and youll admit it sooner or later. It is absurd to keep up the pretense of independence.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 13 Good manners are an admission that everybody is so tender that they have to be handled with gloves. Now, human respectyou dont call a man a coward or a liar lightly, but if you spend your life sparing peoples feelings and feeding their vanity, you get so you cant distinguish what should be respected in them.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 13 England was like a rich man after a disastrous orgy who makes up to the household by chatting with them individually, when it is obvious to them that he is only trying to get back his self-respect in order to usurp his former power.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 16 Good-by, my fathergood-by, all my fathers.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 2, Ch. 19 she only cherishes her illness as an instrument of power.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 1 There was some element of loneliness involvedso easy to be lovedso hard to love.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 2 to explain, to patchthese were not natural functions at their agebetter to continue with the cracked echo of an old truth in the ears.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 2 Not without desperation he had long felt the ethics of his profession dissolving into a lifeless mass.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 3 If Europe ever goes Bolshevik shell turn up as the bride of Stalin.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 4 We cant go on like thisor can we?....What do you think?... Some of the time I think its my faultIve ruined you.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 5 She was somewhat shocked at the idea of being interested in another manbut other women have loverswhy not me?- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 6 If she need not, in her spirit, be forever one with Dick as he had appeared last night, she must be something in addition, not just an image on his mind, condemned to endless parades around the circumference of a medal.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 6 So delicately balanced was she between an old foothold that had always guaranteed her security, and the imminence of a leap from which she might alight changed in the very chemistry of blood and muscle, that she did not dare bring the matter into the true forefront of consciousness.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 7 Hes not received anywhere anymore.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 7 Either you thinkor else others have to think for you and take power from you, pervert and discipline your natural tastes, civilize and sterilize you.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 7 No, Im not reallyIm just aIm just a whole lot of different simple people.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 8 Everything Tommy said became part of her forever.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 8 Tangled with love in the moonlight she welcomed the anarchy of her lover.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 8 Then why did you come, Nicole? I cant do anything for you anymore. Im trying to save myself.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 9 I have never seen women like this sort of women. I have known many of the great courtesans of the world, and for them I have much respect often, but women like these women I have never seen before.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 10 You dont understand Nicole. You treat her always as a patient because she was once sick.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 11 When people are taken out of their depths they lose their heads, no matter how charming a bluff they put up.- F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, Book 3, Ch. 12

Loss of appetite Essays

Loss of appetite Essays Loss of appetite Essay Loss of appetite Essay The Travelling Salesman The patient is John Thomas who is a 27 twelvemonth old bi-sexual male. He was presented to his GP with the following symptoms: general unease, loss of appetency, mild abdominal hurting, and relentless aching in his upper right quarter-circle. John s symptoms have appeared for approximately 10 yearss and his piss is dark in coloring material. He drinks on occasion, nevertheless he does acknowledge to smoke hemp. As the cause of mild abdominal hurting could be from different beginnings, hence it is hard to place ( 1 ) . The loss of appetency could be due to one of the undermentioned common causes: Decrease in activity, hurting, fatigue, anxiousness, depression, some medicines and some unwellnesss. John is non on prescribed medicine and denies shooting drugs ; nevertheless his loss of appetency is caused by the abdominal hurting and upper right quarter-circle he has. Besides the hemp that he smokes causes anxiousness and could trip depression which leads into the loss of appetency. Besides the implicit in status he has is another ground for the loss of appetency of the patient ( 2 ) . The relentless aching in his upper right quarter-circle where the liver is located and the dark coloring material of his urine suggest possible liver jobs even though John merely drinks on occasion and non really frequently. To see that the job is the malfunction of the liver and to govern out the other and possibilities the GP sent a blood sample for analysis and the consequences were as follows: The trial above is known as Liver Function Test ( LFT ) . The analysis of the blood samples determine the specific enzymes present in the blood and whether they are within the standard scope. The LFT determines whether the liver has disease, but does non find the type of the disease as it is non sensitive plenty. ( 3 ) Serum entire hematoidin, ALT and ALP are some of the liver enzymes in which their degrees in John s blood watercourse are higher than expected degrees ( 3 ) . One of the occupations of the liver is to take the hematoidin enzyme from the blood watercourse. It is produced when the old ruddy blood cells are destructed followed by traveling through the procedure of junction ( the chemically alteration of the enzyme ) secreted into the gall. It is so passed through bowel. Some of the hematoidin enzyme is reabsorbed from the bowel and the remainder is excreted. The brown coloring material of the fecal matters is the consequence of the presence of the hematoidin. The unconjugated hematoidin is besides known as the entire hematoidin, which is a good marker to bespeak many liver related or unrelated liver diseases. As the coloring material of piss is darker as consequence of elevated degree of serum entire hematoidin, it is to be understood that John could be enduring from Jaundice which is caused by a serious implicit in status. ( 4 ) The more precise liver harm marker is ALT which is produced by hepatocytes which are liver cells ; hence it is a better marker for liver disease. The elevated degree of ALT in the blood watercourse indicates harm to the cell membranes of the liver i.e. liver redness. Liver redness could be the consequence of imbibing inordinate intoxicant, drug maltreatment or medicine, bile canal disease and liver disease. This is more likely due to smoking hemp. ( 5 ) ALP is another liver enzyme which is besides present in other tissues. ALT is produced in the gall canals, sinusoidal membranes of the liver and bone. The elevated degrees of ALT could be caused by a figure of liver diseases every bit good as non liver diseases i.e. Primary Bilious Cirrhosis, liver malignant neoplastic disease, Sclerosing Cholangitis, Cirrhosis and bone upsets. Therefore farther probe is required ( 6 ) . Serum carbamide, serum Na, Haemoglobin and white blood cell count were as normal which rule out the other possible diseases. The degrees of ALT, ALP, and serum entire hematoidin are high due to liver neglecting to interrupt down those enzymes and the symptoms that John has, are similar to the Viral Hepatitis ( the redness of the liver caused by drugs, intoxicant, and autoimmune ) . Several viruses responsible for hepatitis are A, B, C, D, E, and G. Hepatitis A, B and C are the most common 1s. 40-50 % of the viral hepatitis instances are caused by hepatitis A virus ( HAV ) ( Fig1. ) . The virus spread by unwritten path i.e. eating contaminated nutrient or H2O, or through fecal path and sexual contacts. The incubation period for hepatitis A is 15-20 yearss. The badness degree is mild and will non develop into chronic stage. Therefore it will non do malignant neoplastic disease ( 7 ) . Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) causes chronic hepatitis B. This little enveloped DNA virus has three antigens: Hepatitis B nucleus antigen ( HBcAg ) , hepatitis B e-antigen ( HBeAg ) , and hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ) . HBV has the ability of stimulation of immune system which enables the virus to bring forth antibodies against virus ( Fig2 ) . HBV is transmitted by doing contacts with organic structure fluids i.e. blood, seeds, spit, and milk. The most common path of distributing the virus is via endovenous drugs occupational exposure, hemodialysis, male to male sexual transmittal and other close contact state of affairss. The incubation period of HBV is 45-160 yearss which can develop into chronic phase and cause malignant neoplastic disease. The hazard of HBV infection is 20 % -60 % in all age groups. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans on hepatocytes are targeted by HBV after come ining blood watercourse. The reproduction period is within 3 yearss of infection ; nevertheless the sy mptoms may merely look after 45 yearss. The ground why the symptoms or the liver harm do non look for a long clip is because of the reproduction of HBV with the least cytopathic effects. Cytopathic cells cause cell harm and decease ( 9 ) . Similar to HBV, hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) is besides transmitted via blood and bodily fluid. The incubation is within 14-180 yearss after infection occurs. HCV besides targets heparin sulfate proteoglycans on hepatocytes after come ining blood watercourse, and without doing cell decease it will tie in with cells to back relentless infection. Tissue harm is followed by cell mediated immune response. It takes about 6 hebdomads for symptoms to look, nevertheless compare to HBV, the HCV symptoms are milder with 2 % hazard of infection. HCV does hold a chronic phase which may develop cirrhosis of liver ( 10 ) . To hold a better apprehension of the John s unwellness, a specific liver blood serology was performed. It detects the concentration of different antibodies present in the blood watercourse against micro-organisms and other types of foreign protein molecules. This trial would besides assist to hold a better apprehension of possible liver status that John presently has. The earliest marker for acute HBV is HBsAg which identifies the septic individual before the symptoms are revealed. However in people who are retrieving from the infection this surface antigen disappears from their blood serum. Chronic HBV will happen if HBsAg remain in blood serum for longer than 6 months. This normally occurs in 5 % of acute instances with either weak immune system or infected as a kid. In some people who are infected, if HBsAg does non look which means that HBV has gone into concealment, hence becomes undetectable. The individual is known as the bearer. However in this instance John has the on-going infection and could besides distribute it to other people ( 11 ) ( 12 ) . The most common marker for HBV is anti-HBs ( hepatitis B surface antibody ) . Its sensing in blood serum indicates that the individual had already been exposed to the virus, except the virus no longer exists in the organic structure and the antibody keeps the individual immune against the virus. However in blood serology of John, this is negative which indicates that John is non immune to HBV. If he was vaccinated with HBV, his organic structure would hold produced the anti-HBs. Therefore this consequence is declarative of neer been vaccinated by HBV ( 13 ) . There are two types of chronic HBV: Replicative and nonreplicative. The viral chronic replicative DNA HBV is more terrible than septic persons with nonreplicative HBV, because the retroflexing Deoxyribonucleic acid increases the opportunity of developing cirrhosis up to 30 % after many old ages and it besides increases the hazard of Hepatocellular Carcinoma ( HCC ) . This viral DNA is found in the cytol of septic hepatocytes where the viral atoms replicated and released into blood watercourse to go around in the organic structure. As consequence the concentration of viral atom is high ( from gt ; 105copies/mL gt ; 108copies/mL ) . Since this signifier of chronic HBV consequences in hepatocyte hurt, the transaminase activity is increased. Normally 3 % -5 % of the persons infected with the retroflexing signifier of chronic HBV convert to the nonreplicating signifier in a twelvemonth. Unlike the replicating signifier, the concentration of the viral atoms in the blood is really low or undetectable due to integrating of the viral DNA into the host cell ( 14 ) ( 15 ) . The most viral protein which differentiates the types of chronic HBV is HBeAg. This e-antigen is merely detected when the viral virus is quickly distributing. When the virus goes into concealment, the e-antigen besides becomes undetectable. Traditionally the negative HBeAg and positive anti-HBe used to be declarative of nonreplicating signifier of the infection, nevertheless because John is a traveler salesman who travels abroad and corsets at different hotels this consequence could be due to a strain of HBV which do non bring forth HBeAg. These strains are most common in the Middle East. Therefore farther testing is required to look into the development of the infection utilizing HBV DNA ( 15 ) . The finding of hepatitis B mutations is normally done by direct sequencing. In persons enduring from HBV, 97 % have HBV DNA below 100,000 copies/mL which has a clinically important value bespeaking viraemia ( virus in blood ) . In a big figure of septic people who failed to clear HBV from t he organic structure despite of the antiviral intervention have over 100,000 copies/mL. Therefore 100,000 copies/mL can be considered as standard value to observe viraemia. There are persons who fail to react to intervention even after three months. This is due to unnatural suppression of HBV DNA. There are three most common mutations doing HBeAg negative chronic infection ( 14 ) . These mutations are detected by a line investigation method specifically developed for this intent. Line investigation and hybridisation checks can be used to observe the coveted mutant i.e. YMDD. The line investigation method is performed by dividing the HBV DNA mutations on SDS-PAGE. On the SDS-PAGE the highest molecular weight will be at the bottom line and the lowest will be at the top. This is transferred on a nitrocellulose paper. Furthermore specific DNA sequences ( investigations ) are applied to observe the desired mutation ( YMDD ) ( 14 ) . Anti-HBc IgM is the first type of antibody produced against acute HBV. The serological trials for John are present with negative Anti-HBc IgM which suggests that the HBV infection is non acute but chronic. The entire anti-Hbc antibody check includes the measuring of IgM and IgG and the positive consequence appear shortly after visual aspect of HBsAg and remains in 97 % septic people for over 30 old ages ( 13 ) . John besides has HAV IgM positive which is declarative of hepatitis A immune due to old exposure to the virus. The virus could hold been passed to him through male to male sexual contact ( 17 ) . The negative consequence of anti-HCV indicates that John is vulnerable to hepatitis C and HCV inoculation is required for John ( 18 ) . The liver harm is normally irreversible and there is no lasting remedy available to handle chronic HBV, nevertheless there are three sanctioned drug intervention to command the infection: interferon, 3TC, and adefovir dipivoxil. The last two are used to suppress the contrary RNA polymerase ( an enzyme which its function is to change over DNA to RNA ) every bit good as intervention for HIV ( 19 ) . There is HBsAg nowadays in blood circulation of John bespeaking the replicative signifier of HBV which presents a really high hazard of cirrhosis and HCC. John has yet no scabies or roseola or other symptoms to bespeak cirrhosis, nevertheless if the viral reproduction is non suppressed he will later develop cirrhosis. If the farther HBV DNA is present with positive as a verification of presence of retroflexing the viral atom, the end will be to clear HBV Deoxyribonucleic acid from the blood. The opportunities of accomplishing the end are 20 % -30 % once the virus is cleared, there are up to 25 % opportunities of HBsAg becomes undetectable. This takes topographic point when the concentration of the viral atoms of HBV DNA in blood falls lesser 103 copies/mL. Though HBV is cleared by interferon in 80 % to 90 % of persons, there are opportunities that the virus would return back by usage of 3TC or adefovir. Even in persons whose HBV DNA and HBsAg are cleared from the blood circulation, still HBV DNA can be detected in liver cells ( 20 ) . There are two kind of immunisation against Hepatitis B: passive or active. The vaccinum is developed to immune the persons who are at high hazard of infection such as persons who participate in sexual contacts or intercourse with septic persons and babes who are born from septic female parents. Since John has a pregnant married woman with his babe, she has to be capable the blood analysis and serological trial to detect whether they are at hazard. His babe has besides 2 % opportunities of the infection before birth after exposure to HBsAg which usually occurs in babies can be prevented by inactive immunisation with 0.06 mL/kg of HBIG ( Hepatitis B Immune globulin ) followed by Hepatitis B vaccinum before 24 hours of birth proves to be 95 % effectual to forestall the transmittal of the infection ( 21 ) ( 22 ) . Reference list Pavan MV, Mehta G, Thillainayagam AV. The clinical rating of abdominal hurting in grownups. Medicine 2009 Jan ; 37 ( 1 ) :11-6. NHS Shetland. Suggestion for bettering appetite Patients information brochure. 2003. 22-3-2010. Lalazar G, M3llhaupt B, Adar T, Goetze O, Mizrahi M, Zigmond E, et Al. S1837 The point of Care 13C Methacetin Breath Test Accurately Predicts Long Term Prognosis in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Non Invasive Liver Function Test. Gastroenterology 2009 May:136 ( 5, Supplement ) : A. Lu C, Lin JM, Huie CW. Determination of entire hematoidin in human serum by chemiluminescence from the reaction of hematoidin and peroxynitrite. Talanta of 2004 May 28 ; 63 ( 2 ) :333-7. Lai M, Hyatt BJ, Nasser cubic decimeter, Curry M, Afdhal NH. The clinical significance of persistently normal ALT in chronic hepatits B infection. Journal of Hepatology 2007 Dec ; 47 ( 6 ) :760-7. Barondess JA, Erle H. Serum alkalic phosphatase activity in hepatitis of infective monocleosis. The American Journal of Medicine 1960 Jul ; 29 ( 1 ) :4354. Petta S, Muratore C, Crax? A Non-alcoholic fatso liver disease pathogenesis: The present and the hereafter. Digestive and Liver Disease 2009 Sep ; 41 ( 9 ) :615-25. Monsoon Bringes. Monsoon Brings With It A Splash of Diseases. Liver Disease 2009 Jul 21. hypertext transfer protocol: //doctoroncall.wordpress.com/2009/07/21/ ( last accessed 22/03/2010 ) L Taylor, P Gholam, A Delong, and others. XVII International AIDS conference ( AIDS 2008 ) . 2008 Aug 3 ; 2008. Te Hs, Jensen DM. Epidemiology of Hepatits B and C Viruses: A Global Overview. Clinics in Liver Disease 2010 Feb ; 14 ( 1 ) :1-21. OBrien J. Hepatitis B surface antigen: Decreased demand for verification of reactive consequences. Clin Chem 2000 ; 46:582. Coleman P, Chen Y, Mushahwar I. Immunoassay sensing of hepatitis B surface antigen mutations. J Med Virol 1999 ; 59:19-24. Weber B, Melchior W, Gehrke R, Doerr H, Berger A, Rabenau H. Hepatitis B virus markers in anti-HBc merely positive persons. J Med Virol 2001 ; 193:847-54. Lok A, McMahon B. Cheonic Hepatitis B. Hepatology 2001 ; 34:1225-41. Valla D, R dF, Hadengue A, Lau G, Lavanchy D, Lok A, et Al. EASL international consensus conference on hepatitis B. Consensus statement ( short version ) . J Hepatol 2003 ; 38:533-40. Buti M, Sanchez F, Cotrina M, jardi R, Rodriguez F, Esteban R, et Al. Quantative hepatitis B virus DNA proving for the early anticipation of the care of response during lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Infect Dis 2001 ; 13:721-7. Averhoff F, Shapiro C, Bell B, Hyams I, Burd L, Deladisma A, et Al. Control of hepatitis A through everyday inoculation of kids. JAMA 2001 ; 286:2968-73 Dufour DR, Talastas, M, Feranndez M, Harris B, Strader D, Seeff L. Low positive anti-hepatitis C virus enzyme immunoassay consequences: An of import forecaster of low likeliness of hepatitis C infection. Clin Chem 2003 ; 49:479-86. Hadziyannis S, tassopoulos N, heathcote E, Chang Jiang T, kitis G, Rizzetto M, et Al. Adefovir dipivoxil for the intervention of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 2003:348:800-7. Mommeja-Marin H, Mondou E, Blum M, Rousseau F. Serum HBV DNA as marker HBV DNA as a marker of efficaciousness during therapy for chronic HBV infection: Analysis and reappraisal of the literature. Hepatology 2003 ; 2003: 1309-19. Delage G, Remy-Prince S, Montplaisir S. Combined active-passive immunisation against the hepatitis B virus: Five-year followup of kids born to hepatitis B Surface antigen-positive female parents. Pediatr infect Dis J 1993 ; 12:126-30. Chang M, Chen D. Prospects for hepatitis B virus obliteration and control of hepatocellular carcinoma. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroentrerol 1999 ; 13:511-7.

Canevin Theater

Canevin Theater Essay Canevin Catholic High School offers many extra curricular activities. Those students geared toward the physical challenges may choose from various athletic programs such as, basketball, soccer, and football. On the other hand, there are additional activities for those more interested in a mental challenge. These students may join such organizations anywhere from FBLA to Forensics. However, of all the extra curricular activities offered by Canevin, none excites me more than Dramatics. This paper takes a look at my last three years involvement in the annual musical productions here at Canevin. Traditionally, Canevins dramatics has been a full-scale musical production performed in the spring. Students may audition for chorus, acting or dancing parts or they may join one of the many stage crews. During freshman year, I tried out for the musical Working. Working depicted different careers through dialogue, song and dance. To my surprise, I made callbacks. When the cast list was posted, the role of Anthony Polazzo, the Mason, was awarded to me. After weeks of hard work and rehearsals, it was finally opening night. From that time on, I realized Dramatics was for me. The following year, the start-up meeting could not arrive fast enough for me. The play selected for my sophomore year was Damn Yankees. The musicals main character was Joe Hardy. Joe wanted so drastically to play baseball for the Washington Senators, that he was willing to sell his soul to the devil. When the cast list was posted this time, I was assigned to play the role of Mr. Welch. As owner of the Washington Se nators, I was expected to portray a prestigious and confident businessman who enjoyed his cigars. In one short year, I went from a mason in overalls, to a baseball team owner decked out in a suit and tie. Thats show business!Into the Woods was selected as the musical for the following year. The story line included various adaptations of traditional fairy tales. Well, if mason to owner wasnt extreme enough, what would you say about Cinderellas father? Junior year found me playing the character of an older man who marries for the second time, to a woman with two nagging daughters. In a house of four women, no wonder he resorted to drinking. Directed to use a silver flask as a prop and a fair amount of improvisation of libations, I portrayed the character of Cinderellas father as a drunk. When the final curtain came down closing night on Into the Woods, there was, however, one more performance still to come. This year Canevin had been nominated for 6 Gene Kelly Awards, including Best Musical in Budget Level 2. The Gene Kelly Awards sponsored by Pittsburghs Civic Light Opera recognizes students for excellence in High School musical theater. On the night of the awards, those schools nominated for Best Show perform on the Benedum stage a selection from their production. Extra rehearsals were scheduled, and a final practice with the Benedum orchestra was needed. I am proud to announce that Canevin was awarded the Gene Kelly for Best Costume Design and Best Musical in our division. Additionally, each year two students are asked to represent their school in a final production number. This prestigious honor is always given to two seniors. Unfortunately, this year, two of the practices fell during graduation activities. Since 5 rehearsals are mandatory, our director, Treva Rueso made her selections from the junior cast members. A fellow junior and I were ecstatic to be chosen to join members from all the participating schools in the final production number, Keep Your Eyes on the Goal. The plethora of ecstatic people applauding at the close of the Gene Kellys was phenomenal. It was indeed an honor to represent Canevin in this collaboration of students exercising their many talents. READ: Shakespeare is a well known author who wrote in th EssayI have experienced many gratifying moments in my years at Canevin, but few have been as electrifying as sharing with fellow cast and crew members their ability, courage, and commitment in creating the annual school musical. The Dramatic program continues to surprise its supporters with innovative musical theater. Through my experience in putting on a musical, I have learned what it means to work as a team. The camaraderie was intense and rewarding. I

Approaches to Second Language Acquisition. Error Analysis and English Research Paper

Approaches to Second Language Acquisition. Error Analysis and English Language Writing - Research Paper Example Formal class room learning of a second language presents many barriers to the learner because learner had already acquired his first language and uses it most effectively to communicate in the class room. This gives a psychological disadvantage to the learner clinching to and always ready to fall back on first language in case complex scenarios occur (Yule, 1985). Thus Steinberg (1982) argues that it is quite possible that second language learning process is accelerated if the learner is provided with an environment presenting stimuli through socialization with speakers of target language. Yule (1985) and Brown (1994) identified age as another barrier to second language acquisition (SLA), which they referred to as critical period. According to them, there is a certain age limit that allows a learner to demonstrate optimal language acquisition skill, beyond what is very difficult to learn another language. Approaches to Second Language Acquisition Different models and analytical approaches are employed by researchers in second language acquisition. This included the grammar translation method, the direct method, the audio-lingual approach and the communicative approach. Yule (1985) gives more importance to communicative approach due to its error tolerances. ... According to Lennon (1991), an error is "a linguistic form or combination of forms which in the same context and under similar conditions of production would, in all likelihood, not be produced by the speakers' native speakers’ counterparts". In the second language teaching/learning process the error has always been regarded as something negative which must be avoided. As a consequence, teachers have always adopted a repressive attitude towards it. On one hand, it was considered to be a sign of inadequacy of the teaching techniques and on the other hand it was seen as a natural result of the fact that since by nature we cannot avoid making errors we should accept the reality and try to deal with them. Fortunately, little by little the error has been seen from a different point of view being made obvious that we can learn from our mistakes. George (1972) is of the view that learners make errors in both comprehension and production, the first being rather scanty investigated. Ch ildren learning their first language, adult native speakers, and second language learners; they all make errors which have a different name according to the group committing the error. Children's errors have been seen as "transitional forms", the errors by native speaker are called "slips of the tongue" and the second language errors are considered unwanted forms. 2.4 Background of Error Analysis Earlier in 1960’s, behaviorist theory formed the basis of second language acquisition, which weighed language acquisition not more than just acquiring set of new language skills. For a considerable period, linguistic research focused on interference of learner’s first language with acquisition of second language. Thus researchers used contrastive analysis to predict the areas that need attention

Nokia mobile services and applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nokia mobile services and applications - Essay Example With regard to social mobile services, Nokia has developed numerous mobile services applications as part of its â€Å"mobility in society drive†. The purpose of these services is to increase accessibility to mobile services and applications in emerging markets and to marginalised sectors of society. The mobility in society drive includes the following categories: The education tools of Nokia are intended to increase ways for student accessibility to learning. A prime example of this is the Nokia mobile learning for Mathematics in South Africa through collaborations with the South African government and the Nokia Siemens Networks. Another educational mobile service is a partnership with the Pearson foundation to provide schemes where students between 11and18 can use mobile devices and services to film, mix and edit through collaboration. The Nokia data gathering solution is targeted towards helping organisations accurately collect data on vital issues such as disease outbreaks or disaster relief initiatives via mobile. The data gathering software is open source and available for everyone free of charge and can be used for multiple purposes such as questionnaires, surveys and GPS geo-tagging. Accessibility mobile services provided by Nokia have been developed to service the more marginalised aspects of society. Nokia states that approximately one fifth of the world’s population lives with a recognised disability and there is also and increasing ageing population. Therefore, Nokia has developed mobile services to address accessibility concerns such as enhanced voice functions, a Braille reader and video calling enabled with sign language calls. The financial services applications are a direct result of increase in mobile users and Nokia consumer research has indicated that many consumers in emerging markets have indicated that they would like to connect to the internet

The article of Joanne Thomas Essay Example for Free

The article of Joanne Thomas Essay In her article on obesity, Joanne Thomas commences by providing insight to her readers on issues influencing obesity in the community. From Thomas’ perspective, efforts by the government which are normally observed through development and implementation of policies are inadequate in addressing obesity. To address the issue effectively, changes in individual lifestyle are of the essence and in addition to that, further research regarding motivations for changing unhealthy behaviors is necessary. Adopting community programs whose objectives focus on eliminating unhealthy habits can play an important role in addressing the issue. However, from Thomas’ standpoint, pretesting of program materials comes in handy in guaranteeing the acceptability and credibility of the message conveyed through the program. In concluding the article, Thomas asserts the importance of pretesting in evaluating the health communication campaign. The probing question is: how effective is pretesting in addressing obesity in urban areas? Thomas acknowledges the challenges facing individuals in the urban areas and the critical role of pretesting in dealing with obesity in such areas. A better understanding of the challenges affecting the community is crucial to ensuring that they are dealt with effectively (Berkowitz Rabinowitz, 2010). To acquire an adequate understanding of the challenges, participation of the local community or target audience is imperative to avoid use of words or messages which might be considered hateful or hostile to a particular group of people. In her research, Thomas plans to employ random survey method in order to get the strengths and weaknesses of the program materials and messages as well as suggestions for improving the program. Due to the fact that the effectiveness of program messages and materials in reaching the target audience greatly depends on the survey questions, it is paramount to ensure that they are brief, direct to the point and relevant to the program (Siegel Lotenberg, 2007). The questions in the article seem to be aligned in the right direction of improving the program for addressing obesity. Using survey method exclusively might be termed inadequate since the method has its shortcomings. Integrating survey method with other techniques such as market research techniques might be useful in eliminating flaws and enhancing program evaluation. Such techniques are considered economical and can collect information quickly thus might come in handy in refining the program messages and materials to greater effectiveness (Poscente, Rothstein, Irvine, 2002). Moreover, in spite of Thomas involving the target audience in pretesting, excluding professionals in the health sector particularly on obesity makes the program susceptible to biasness and incompetence. Health professionals have vast knowledge on obesity as well as ways of addressing issues associated with it thereby making their involvement in the program essential to enhancing program effectiveness. Besides the target audience, it is imperative for Thomas to involve health professionals in the programs. References Berkowitz, B. Rabinowitz, P. (2010). Analyzing community problems. The Community Tool Box. Retrieved May 20, 2010 from http://ctb. ku. edu/en/tablecontents/sub_section_main_1017. htm Poscente, N. , Rothstein, M. Irvine, M. J. (2002). Using marketing research methods to evaluate a stage-specific intervention. American Journal of Health Behavior 26(4): 243-251. Siegel, M. Lotenberg, D. L. (2007). Marketing public health: Strategies to promote social change. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

The Promise of Human Cloning :: Cloning Argumentative Persuasive Argument

The Promise of Human Cloning      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cloning opens many doors of opportunities in the agricultural aspect of the United States of America.   It has already been a major factor in saving the lives of many humans.   I feel the society as a whole can not and should not degrade this scientifical finding.   I feel that human cloning should not be done and that this subject raises too many ethical questions.   I would like to focus on an agricultural aspect if I may.   People raised hell when animal parts were put into humans to save lives and today it is an accepted part of medicinal science.   I feel that cloning in an agricultural and medicinal aspect will become the same as transplanted animal parts.   It will go through much debate, but ten years from now it will be accepted scientifically, socially, and morally. In an article in Newsweek called A Cloned Chop, Anyone?   They take a somewhat neutral, but also somewhat negative viewpoint of cloning in an agricultural and medicinal sense.   They admit some good aspects of this genetic engineering, but they still seem pessimistic of the future of cloning in animals excluding humans.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first thing the article states is the Wall Street opportunities for the biotech field.   Instead of phone calls from eager investors only phone calls from reporters were coming in asking about this market.   I feel that now would be a great time to invest in biotechnical companies specializing in agricultural and medicinal cloning.   This article says nothing about the great potentials of long term investment.   Long term investment especially in the medicinal field is incredibly profitable.   Just as in other controversial investing opportunities I feel that investors will find they could have made a lot of money if they invested in this area.   Ten to fifteen years from now this agricultural cloning will be a commonly routine thing and price wars will begin for the products produced by them which means many great investment opportunities will be available.   But one must remember that Wall Street is extremely short term investing so this is a good explanation for not many investors being interested in this because it is still many years before tangible and profitable products are made from cloning.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The article goes on to say the Scottish scientists have a lot of good ideas, but they seem to be only a sci-fi adventure.   Once again I disagree. Scottish scientists are trying to help the human race, not be lucrative mad scientists looking for another way to manipulate the human race.   The following are some things that have already been done with genetic engineering and they

Central Secretariat

The Central Secretariat system in India is based on two principles: (1) The task of policy formulation needs to be separated from policy implementation. (2) Maintaining Cadre of Officers operating on the tenure system is a prerequisite to the working of the Secretariat system. The Central Secretariat is a policy making body of the government and is not, to undertake work of execution, unless necessitated by the lack of official agencies to perform certain tasks. The Central Secretariat normally performs the following functions: (1)  Assisting the minister in the discharge of his policy making and parliamentary functions. 2)  Framing legislation, rules and principles of procedure. (3)  Sect oral planning and programme formulation. (4)  (a) Budgeting and control of expenditure in respect of activities of the Ministry/department. (b)  Securing administrative and financial approval to operational programme and their subsequent modifications. (c)  Supervision and control over the execution of policies and programmes by the executive departments or semi-autonomous field agencies. (d)  Imitating steps to develop greater personnel and organizational competence both in the ministry/department and its executive agencies. e)  Assisting in increasing coordination at the Central level. | Structure of Central Secretariat Structure of Central Secretariat is such that the entire system is divided into a number of secretaries, deputy secretaries, joint secretaries and so on. The division of posts is hierarchical in nature. | | | | | | | | The Central Secretariat is a collection of various ministries and departments. But the Cabinet Secretariat, which is in reality a ministry comprising more than one department, is still known as the secretariat. A ministry is the charge allotted to ministers.This may include one or more departments depending upon administrative convenience, each under the charge of a secretary. A department on the other hand is an organizational unit consisting of a secretary to government together with a part of the central secretariat under his administrative control on which the responsibility of performing specific functions has been conferred. Thus technically, a department should be identified with a secretary`s charge and a ministry with a minister`s charge. However, this distinction is not always maintained.Thus, if a ministry has more than one department within itself, it may have more than one secretary in which case there will arise the need for making one secretary superior to other secretaries who will represent the ministry. A ministry is responsible for the formation of the government policy within its sphere of responsibility as well as for the execution of that policy. Thus in terms of internal organisation, a ministry is divided into the following segments within an officer in charge of each of them to expedite matters:Department- Secretary/Additional/Special Secretary Wing- Joint/Additional Secretary. Di vision- Under Secretary. Section- Section Officer The lowest of such units is the section in charge of a Section Officer and consists of a number of assistants, clerks, â€Å"Daftaries,† typists and peons. It deals with the work relating to the subject allotted to it. It is also referred to as the Office. Two sections constitute the branch which is under the charge of an under secretary, also known as the Branch Officer.Two branches ordinarily form a division which is normally headed by a deputy secretary. When the volume of work in a ministry exceeds the manageable charge of a secretary, one or more wings are established with a joint secretary in charge of each wing. At the top of the hierarchy comes the department which is headed by the secretary himself or in some cases by an additional/ special secretary. In some cases, a department may be as autonomous as a ministry and equivalent to it in rank. | | | FUNCTIONS

How does Charles Dickens create an atmosphere of crime and death in ‘Great Expectations’?

In this essay, I will talk about how Charles Dickens creates an atmosphere of crime and death in ‘Great Expectations'. Charles Dickens was an English novelist of the Victorian era and was considered to be one of English language's greatest writers; he was acclaimed for his rich storytelling and memorable characters and achieved massive worldwide popularity in his lifetime. ‘Great Expectations' is a novel written and serially published from 1860 to 1861 in a magazine called ‘All Year Round'. Shortly after that, it was published as a complete novel. It was set during the Industrial Revolution in Britain. The Industrial Revolution brought in a major change in the economy and society resulting from the use of machines and the efficient production of goods. Charles Dickens begins the story in a graveyard. Immediately, we are introduced to the theme of death. The weather matches with the creepy setting. It links to death by using words like â€Å"raw afternoon†; the word â€Å"raw† suggests that it is painful. â€Å"Dark† suggests evil and death; and â€Å"flat† suggests something bleak. These words all enhance the gloomy setting. The main character Pip tells us about his parents and brothers who are buried in the graveyard. He lists the names of his brothers in a matter of fact way and this shocks us. â€Å"†¦and that Alexander, Barthlomew, Abraham, Tobias and Roger, infant children of the aforesaid, were also dead and buried†¦.† In the 1830s when the novel is set, half the babies died in infancy due to poor medical care and killer diseases which thrived in the appalling conditions within the society. Pip lists the names of his five dead brothers. This makes us think that the list is never-ending and highlights the presence of death. We are introduced to the theme of crime when an escaped convict by the name of Magwitch, jumps out from behind a gravestone at Pip. â€Å"Hold your noise!† At this point, he makes the reader feel frightened, as he starts to threaten Pip. Pip also sees a gibbet. â€Å"†¦a gibbet, with some chains hanging to it which once held a pirate.† A gibbet was where executed criminals were placed as a warning to others. It stands out on the horizon and looks particularly eerie in the gloomy night sky. Dickens personifies the sky to make it â€Å"angry†; the use of personification here alarms the reader because the sky feels extremely threatening. The sea is described as a â€Å"lair†; the use of the word â€Å"lair† suggests that the sea is a wild animal in a den. The wind comes rushing from the lair to get Pip. Pip becomes â€Å"a bundle of shivers†. The word â€Å"shivers† suggests fear and extreme cold, both of which and to an atmosphere of crime and death. In Chapter Three, Dickens describes the weather as a â€Å"rimy morning† and has Pip imagine a goblin that had been crying all night. This links to the guilt that Pip feels about the crime he has committed because he is upset and he feels like crying. â€Å"Rimy morning†, â€Å"very damp†, â€Å"damp lying on the bare hedges and sparegrass, like a coarser sort of spider's webs†, â€Å"the marsh-mist was so thick†, â€Å"the mist was heavier†¦.†, all these words tell us of darkness and crimes. Dickens uses a simile to compare about the â€Å"damp lying on the bare hedges†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Dickens uses personification to enhance Pip's guilty conscience by using the weather, â€Å"the marsh-mist was thick† and â€Å"the marsh-mist was heavier†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The mist is clearly a metaphor for Pip's state of mind. He is literally finding it hard to find his way to the convict but also feels morally lost because of his crime. Dickens writes about a â€Å"wooden finger on the post†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Dickens also uses personification to enhance Pip's guilty conscience at this point because he has committed a crime and he thinks that this signpost is telling him the only way he should go. â€Å"Like a phantom devoting me to the Hulks†, â€Å"that the wooden finger on the post†¦invisible to me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Dickens uses personification by heightening Pip's mind as he is confused about the whole situation. The signpost has turned into a ghastly accuser. As the confusion in Pip's mind races on, he sees an Ox which was black â€Å"with a white cravat†. This Ox of Pip's mind notices him with the pork pie and recognises that the pie is not his. â€Å"A boy with Somebody-else's pork pie! Stop him!†, â€Å"Holloa, young thief!† With its clerical air, the ox seems like a vicar, accusing him of sin. In the beginning of Chapter Eight, Dickens described the Satis House like a prison. It â€Å"was of old brick, and dismal, and had a great many iron bars to it. Some of the windows had been walled up; of those that remained, all the lower were rustily barred.† Iron bars are like prison bars and it is one of the places where you can't escape from. â€Å"There was also a large brewery† at the side of Satis House. This place was very idle. â€Å"There was also a large brewery. No brewing was going on in it, and none seemed to have gone on for a long long time†. Nothing growing in it signifies death and in this case, the large brewery consists of nothing but waiting death. At one point, Pip was beginning to feel cold as he went through the house. â€Å"The cold wind seemed to blow colder there, than outside the gate†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This links to Pip's fear of going into the house. The more he has the feeling of becoming colder, the more he fears going into the house. He isn't really used to visiting anyone else's places except the graveyard and that's why he feels frightened of going in to the house. When Pip was about to meet Miss Havisham, Estella walked away from him and took the candle away with her. â€Å"This was very uncomfortable, and I was half afraid.† From Pip's point of view, he's afraid of the dark. He's always used to having light around him as he goes around but in this case, there was darkness; â€Å"No glimpse of daylight was to be seen in it†. This stresses the presence of evil and death. Pip is alone when he sees a woman in the dressing room in Satis House. â€Å"In an armchair, with an elbow resting on the table and her head leaning on that hand, sat the strangest lady I have ever seen, or shall ever see†, â€Å"†¦ â€Å"†¦she had bridal flowers in her hair, but her hair was white. Some bright jewels sparkled†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . White is related to ghosts and ghosts come from death. She is rich with faded dresses and her house is very old. Miss Havisham is compared by Pip to a â€Å"skeleton† and a â€Å"waxwork†; the word â€Å"skeleton†, suggests that Miss Havisham could represent the presence of death. The â€Å"waxwork† suggests something that there is something about Miss Havisham which appears real but is not substantial. The â€Å"bridal flowers in her hair† compares with her white hair and obvious age suggests something eerie and bizarre. In Chapter Twenty, Pip travels to London to see Mr Jaggers in his office. â€Å"I was scared by the immensity of London; I think I might have had some faint doubts whether it was not rather ugly, crooked, narrow and dirty.† Pip has never been to London before and he was so used to living in the Marshes, he had no idea what London might look like, as in that time, London was the busiest, most crowded towns of England. Pip goes into Mr Jaggers' room and was fascinated by what he sees in it. â€Å"Mr Jaggers' room was lighted by a skylight only, and was a most dismal place†. When the novel was set, electricity wasn't really invented at that time and the only light rooms receive is the daylight. â€Å"The skylight, eccentrically patched like a broken head, and the distorted adjoining houses looked as if they had twisted themselves to peep down at me through it.† Pip is intimidated by what he sees as he has never been to an office before. Pip also sees â€Å"some odd objects about†. The skylight is personified as a victim of an assault. â€Å"Old rusty pistol†; this suggests that Mr Jaggers is a criminal and has done many crimes with the â€Å"pistol† in the past. â€Å"A sword in a scabbard†; this suggests that he is very protective of his special possessions. â€Å"Several strange-looking boxes and packages†; this suggests that there might be a few hidden surprises that Mr Jaggers doesn't want people to know yet. â€Å"Two dreadful casts on a shelf, of faces peculiarly swollen and twitchy about the nose†; this also suggests that he is very interested in dice as to see in how it was created. Pip has also never seen these kinds of objects before in his life and he too, gets fascinated as he looks into them. Pip says that Jaggers' chair is like a â€Å"coffin†. We have a mental image of Jaggers emerging like a vampire from the coffin. Pip's experiences of the law are linked to Dickens's life: his father had been imprisoned for debt and he had been a court journalist and law clerk. The choice of settings such as the frightening graveyard and the introduction of dark characters such as the sinister convict, Magwitch create the atmosphere of crime and death. Dark weather creates a sense of crime and death in a lot of scenes. Charles Dickens sums up this novel as a crime and death genre. It is also a mixture of crime and horror as well as crime and death. A drunken court official offers to show Pip a public hanging place. This sickened Pip just as it did Dickens who campaigned against such humiliating events and wanted them to be banned. Dickens spent his life campaigning against poverty, crime and death. There was crime and death everywhere all around his time and he chose this genre to make his readers aware of these and to the fact that poverty played an important part which caused high crime rate resulting in unfortunate deaths.

why america fought the civil w essays

why america fought the civil w essays Many call it the War Between the States, and while it is known more commonly as the Civil War, there was nothing civil about it. It tore a nation apart, and forever changed the course of the United States. It wrecked countless homes, and only slightly fewer lives were lost in this war than in World War I and II, the Korean Conflict, and Vietnam combined (Leidner). This war devastated the South, and forever changed it. While the popularly held belief is that this war was fought over slavery, many who joined the ranks of the Union or the Confederacy would have disagreed with this statement (Leidner). However, in his book, Sydney Ahlstrome voices the opinion of many when he says Had there been no slavery, there would have been no war (649). Today we see slavery as a moral issue, one that is socially unacceptable in our culture. But in the early nineteenth century, slavery was an economic issue first, then a moral issue. The Southern political leaders recognized that without slavery the Souths economy, which was based on agriculture, would collapse. They knew that there was no way that the big plantation owners could survive if they were forced to pay slaves the same wages they paid the white laborers. Hence, any political action that threatened the institution of slavery captured the undivided attention of the Souths political leaders, many of whom were slave owners themselves (Leidner). The Northern leaders were much more divided on the issue of slavery. While some wanted it abolished, some were indifferent, and a few supported it. The Civil War was not a quickly developed war, but rather there were many differences between the North and South that smoldered for many years before erupting into a conflict. One was found in the economy. The North, having the majority of the factories in the U.S., supported a higher tariff that would encourage Americans to buy its products as o...

Analyzing Religions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzing Religions - Essay Example He recruited members internationally, and died in 1955. His wife, Florence, took over and prophesied the end time would occur April 23, 1959, but it didn’t, and she left under duress, three years later (Rifkind & Harper, December, 1994). Benjamin Roden took over, claiming he was King David’s successor. When he lost control, due to a meth lab, pornography, attempted ax murder, imprisonment, a desecrated corpse, prison escape, and death, his wife, Lois, took over, and prophesied that God is also female (Rifkind & Harper, December, 1994). Handyman Vernon Howell seized control and changed his name to David Koresh, declared himself the Messiah, and began preparing for the Apocalypse and Armageddon, which he taught would happen at the Waco compound, very soon. Their primary scriptural text was the Bible, especially the book of Revelations. Although they followed basic Seventh Day Adventist practices, he demanded his followers live communally, obey him totally, administer severe physical punishment to children (even infants), and he took child wives and prepared his followers to interpret the assault on the compound as the Battle of Armageddon and the Apocalypse (Rifkind & Harper, December, 1994). The 1993 government assault left 84 Branch Davidians dead, including Koresh (Sullivan, May, 1996). Koresh drank beer sometimes, but they did not support substance use, following healthy SDA dietary guidelines. Polygamy was available to Koresh, while celibacy was enforced for all other men (Rifkind & Harper, December, 1994). The relationship toward society was one of relative isolation. Although information was allowed in, not much was allowed out, with a strict â€Å"us† vs â€Å"them† mentality (Sullivan, May, 1996). In comparison, the Native American Church Peyote Way is the most widespread indigenous religion in America, practiced by more than 250,000 members among more than 50 tribes. It draws on spiritual practices in Northern Mexico, Plains Indian practices,

History of Business Ethics and Ethical Theory Essay

History of Business Ethics and Ethical Theory - Essay Example The current business environment is highly competitive, organisations are encouraged to practice fair trade and avoid foul play so as to have a competitive edge over its rivals. Corporate social responsibility is a major ethical consideration in a company since it shows that the entity is mindful of the peoples’ welfare. Other important ethical principles in an entity include truth, honesty and justice. These principles have to be in line with the business environment in which the firm operates in to ensure long term success. It is important to understand the company’s ethical value so as to manage it appropriately. Firstly, there should be an assessment of the efficiency of ethical value in the organisation. Secondly, the leadership and senior management have to show commitment towards the program (Maignan and Ferrel, 2004:34). Thirdly, there should be formalisation of the code of ethics through proper training and communication (Maignan and Ferrel, 2005:34). Fourthly, there should be codification of the ethics and proper communication within the entity (Maignan and Ferrell, 2005:45). Finally, the code of ethics should be integrated into the organisation’s culture. In order to achieve this, the leadership should be on the forefront in ensuring the company’s ethics are maintained. Various stakeholders have the power to influence the attainment of ethical values and norms in a given entity. They are encouraged to do vigilantly so as to keep the company’s ethics in check. There are various challenges affecting ethics in an entity including, defiance by some employees and failure to keep up with the stated code of ethics (Maignan and Ferrell, 2005:45). This results to the practice of... It is important to understand the company’s ethical value so as to manage it appropriately. Firstly, there should be an assessment of the efficiency of ethical value in the organization. Secondly, the leadership and senior management have to show commitment towards the program. Thirdly, there should be a formalization of the code of ethics through proper training and communication (Maignan and Ferrel, 2005:34). Fourthly, there should be a codification of the ethics and proper communication within the entity (Maignan and Ferrell, 2005:45). Finally, the code of ethics should be integrated into the organization’s culture. In order to achieve this, the leadership should be on the forefront in ensuring the company’s ethics are maintained.Various stakeholders have the power to influence the attainment of ethical values and norms in a given entity. They are encouraged to do vigilantly so as to keep the company’s ethics in check. There are various challenges affec ting ethics in an entity including, defiance by some employees and failure to keep up with the stated code of ethics. This results in the practice of unethical behavior in businesses including foul play among the employees, unfair trade practices, poor time management and poor customer service. These are some of the unethical issues common to businesses in the contemporary world. In a nutshell, ethics are important in the daily activities of a business since they determine the relationships within the entity and with interested parties.